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Results of the War of 1812 between the United Kingdom and the United States involved no geographical changes. The main result of the war was two centuries of peace between the United States and Britain. All the causes of the war had disappeared with the end of the war between Britain and France and, with the destruction of the power of Indians to block American expansion into the Northwest. American fears of the Native Americans ended, as did British plans to create a buffer Native American state. The American quest for honor after its humiliations by the British were satisfied. The final collapse of the opposition Federalist Party opened an "Era of good feelings" with lessened partisanship and an exuberant spirit. The British paid little attention to the war, concentrating instead on their final defeat of Napoleon in 1815. The U.S. failed to gain any territory from British North America, contrary to many American politicians' hopes and expectations, but it did gain land from Spain. After Napoleon's defeat in 1814, Britain was no longer at war with France and there were no restrictions on trade; the British suspended their policy of impressment of American sailors, and never resumed it, but they insisted they still had the right to resume it. Americans regained their honor〔Bradford Perkins, ed. ''The Causes of the War of 1812: National Honor or National Interest?'' (1962)〕 and proclaimed victory in what they called a "second war of independence" for the decisive defeat of the British invaders at New Orleans seemed to prove that Britain could never regain control of America,〔Hickey p. 300; Barry Schwartz, "The Social Context of Commemoration: A Study in Collective Memory." ''Social Forces'' 61#2 (1982) p. 312 (in JSTOR ).〕 and the threat of secession by New England ended with the failure of the Hartford Convention. In Britain, the importance of the conflict was totally overshadowed by European triumphs: Napoleon had returned from exile in March 1815, and was finally defeated at Waterloo 100 days later. Upper Canada emerged from the war with a sense of unity and pride as part of the British Empire. Canadians claimed the war as a victory for their militia and a rebuff of republicanism, as they credited their militia for the partial repulse of American attempts to invade Upper and Lower Canada. ==Efforts to end the war== Efforts to end the war began in 1812 when the chief U.S. diplomat in London proposed an armistice in return for a renunciation of impressments; the British refused. Later, in 1812, when the British captured Detroit and news of the repeal of the Orders reached Washington, Sir George Prevost arranged an armistice with his counterpart Henry Dearborn. However, President James Madison decided to continue the war. In 1813, Russia offered to mediate a peace, but London rejected the offer, because it might compromise British interests in Europe.〔Benn (2002)p, 81〕 Finally, Great Britain and the United States agreed to commence peace negotiations in January 1814: the talks were delayed. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Results of the War of 1812」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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